Archaeology and the analysis of coherence of intention in natural language dialogue Dr. Paul Mc Kevitt Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield England p.mckevitt@dcs.shef.ac.uk Much of the work on the computer processing of natural languages, or (ITALICS: natural language processing), has concentrated on studying the structure, meaning, and usage of individual utterances. One of the problems in natural language processing is to build theories, models and implementations of how individual utterances cling together into a coherent discourse. We have developed a theory of intention analysis for solving, in part, the problem of natural language dialogue processing. A central principle of the theory is that coherence of natural language dialogue can be modelled by analysing sequences of peoples intention. The theory is incorporated within Operating System CONsultant (OSCON) We demonstrate that the theory and computational model can be applied to the problem of modelling the level of expertise of a user. The results have implications for Philosophy, Psychology and Artificial Intelligence. With respect to archaeology there are a number of implications for the study of coherence of dialogue from previous cultures or dialogue about such cultures.